Postfix als Frontend für einen Microsoft Exchange Server

Für einen Kunden habe ich einen Postfix eingerichtet als Frontend Server für seine Exchange Infrastruktur. Die Mailadressen werden automatisch aus dem Active Directory ausgelesen und in einem Hash-File gespeichert. Vorteil ist das der Postfix so nur gültige Mailaliases zulässt. Der Frontend macht auch noch weitere Überprüfungen. (postgrey, policy-weight, etc.)

Folgendes Script wird für das Auslesen der Aliase aus dem AD verwendet:

#!/usr/bin/perl -T -w

# Version 1.02

# This script will pull all users' SMTP addresses from your Active Directory
# (including primary and secondary email addresses) and list them in the
# format "user@example.com OK" which Postfix uses with relay_recipient_maps.
# Be sure to double-check the path to perl above.

# This requires Net::LDAP to be installed.  To install Net::LDAP, at a shell
# type "perl -MCPAN -e shell" and then "install Net::LDAP"

use Net::LDAP;
use Net::LDAP::Control::Paged;
use Net::LDAP::Constant ( "LDAP_CONTROL_PAGED" );

# Enter the path/file for the output
$VALID = "/etc/postfix/example_recipients";

# Enter the FQDN of your Active Directory domain controllers below
$dc1="domaincontroller1.example.com";
$dc2="domaincontroller2.example.com";

# Enter the LDAP container for your userbase.
# The syntax is CN=Users,dc=example,dc=com
# This can be found by installing the Windows 2000 Support Tools
# then running ADSI Edit.
# In ADSI Edit, expand the "Domain NC [domaincontroller1.example.com]" &
# you will see, for example, DC=example,DC=com (this is your base).
# The Users Container will be specified in the right pane as
# CN=Users depending on your schema (this is your container).
# You can double-check this by clicking "Properties" of your user
# folder in ADSI Edit and examining the "Path" value, such as:
# LDAP://domaincontroller1.example.com/CN=Users,DC=example,DC=com
# which would be $hqbase="cn=Users,dc=example,dc=com"
# Note:  You can also use just $hqbase="dc=example,dc=com"
$hqbase="cn=Users,dc=example,dc=com";

# Enter the username & password for a valid user in your Active Directory
# with username in the form cn=username,cn=Users,dc=example,dc=com
# Make sure the user's password does not expire.  Note that this user
# does not require any special privileges.
# You can double-check this by clicking "Properties" of your user in
# ADSI Edit and examining the "Path" value, such as:
# LDAP://domaincontroller1.example.com/CN=user,CN=Users,DC=example,DC=com
# which would be $user="cn=user,cn=Users,dc=example,dc=com"
# Note: You can also use the UPN login: "user\@example.com"
$user="cn=user,cn=Users,dc=example,dc=com";
$passwd="password";

# Connecting to Active Directory domain controllers
$noldapserver=0;
$ldap = Net::LDAP->new($dc1) or
   $noldapserver=1;
if ($noldapserver == 1)  {
   $ldap = Net::LDAP->new($dc2) or
      die "Error connecting to specified domain controllers $@ \n";
}

$mesg = $ldap->bind ( dn => $user,
                     password =>$passwd);
if ( $mesg->code()) {
    die ("error:", $mesg->code(),"\n","error name: ",$mesg->error_name(),
        "\n", "error text: ",$mesg->error_text(),"\n");
}

# How many LDAP query results to grab for each paged round
# Set to under 1000 for Active Directory
$page = Net::LDAP::Control::Paged->new( size => 990 );

@args = ( base     => $hqbase,
# Play around with this to grab objects such as Contacts, Public Folders, etc.
# A minimal filter for just users with email would be:
# filter => "(&(sAMAccountName=*)(mail=*))"
         filter => "(& (mailnickname=*) (| (&(objectCategory=person)
                    (objectClass=user)(!(homeMDB=*))(!(msExchHomeServerName=*)))
                    (&(objectCategory=person)(objectClass=user)(|(homeMDB=*)
                    (msExchHomeServerName=*)))(&(objectCategory=person)(objectClass=contact))
                    (objectCategory=group)(objectCategory=publicFolder)(objectClass=msExchDynamicDistributionList) ))",
          control  => [ $page ],
          attrs  => "proxyAddresses",
);

my $cookie;
while(1) {
  # Perform search
  my $mesg = $ldap->search( @args );

# Filtering results for proxyAddresses attributes
  foreach my $entry ( $mesg->entries ) {
    my $name = $entry->get_value( "cn" );
    # LDAP Attributes are multi-valued, so we have to print each one.
    foreach my $mail ( $entry->get_value( "proxyAddresses" ) ) {
     # Test if the Line starts with one of the following lines:
     # proxyAddresses: [smtp|SMTP]:
     # and also discard this starting string, so that $mail is only the
     # address without any other characters...
     if ( $mail =~ s/^(smtp|SMTP)://gs ) {
       push(@valid, $mail." OK\n");
     }
    }
  }

  # Only continue on LDAP_SUCCESS
  $mesg->code and last;

  # Get cookie from paged control
  my($resp)  = $mesg->control( LDAP_CONTROL_PAGED ) or last;
  $cookie    = $resp->cookie or last;

  # Set cookie in paged control
  $page->cookie($cookie);
}

if ($cookie) {
  # We had an abnormal exit, so let the server know we do not want any more
  $page->cookie($cookie);
  $page->size(0);
  $ldap->search( @args );
  # Also would be a good idea to die unhappily and inform OP at this point
     die("LDAP query unsuccessful");
}
# Only write the file once the query is successful
open VALID, ">$VALID" or die "CANNOT OPEN $VALID $!";
print VALID @valid;
# Add additional restrictions, users, etc. to the output file below.
#print VALID "user\@example.com OK\n";
#print VALID "user1\@example.com 550 User unknown.\n";
#print VALID "bad.example.com 550 User does not exist.\n";

close VALID;

Quelle: http://www-personal.umich.edu/~malth/gaptuning/postfix/

Ich habe das Perlscript in /etc/postfix abgelegt. Rechte sollten auch 700 sein. Diese 6 Parameter müssen geändert werden.

$VALID = "/etc/postfix/exchange_recipients";

$dc1="dc01.lanbugs.intra";
$dc2="dc02.lanbugs.intra";

$hqbase="cn=Users,dc=lanbugs,dc=intra";

$user="cn=sys-read-aliases-mailfront,cn=Users,dc=lanbugs,dc=intra";
$passwd="geheim123";

Das Script wird als Cronjob jede Stunde ausgeführt. Hierzu muss nur ein File mit dem Namen run_read_aliases_from_exchange.sh mit den Rechten 700 im Verzeichnis /etc/cron.hourly angelegt werden. (Debian/Ubuntu)

run_read_aliases_from_exchange.sh:

#!/bin/sh

cd /etc/postfix ; ./getadsmtp.pl && postmap exchange_recipients

In der /etc/postfix/main.cf kann dann das neue Hash-File als relay_recipient_map verwendet werden.

main.cf:

...
relay_recipient_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/exchange_recipients
relay_domains = lanbugs.de
transport_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/transport
mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128 10.1.1.20/32
...

relay_domains erlaubt allgemein die Domain lanbugs.de. mynetworks wurde noch um die IP-Adresse des Exchange Servers erweitert damit dieser E-Mails zur Außenwelt senden kann. Die transport_maps sorgen dafür dass alle Mails an lanbugs.de an den Exchange Server weiter transportiert werden.

/etc/postfix/transport: (nach dem Anlegen postmap /etc/postfix/transport nicht vergessen!!!!)

langbugs.de      smtp:[10.1.1.20]:25

10.1.1.20 ist der interne Exchange Server.

Viel Spaß mit dem Postfix Frontend 😉